Abstract: This study was designed to explore the intervention of muscle fatigue in rats with Astragali Radix using ¹H NMR metabolomics methods. The fatigue model was induced in rats by forced swimming plus food restriction, and the effects of Astragali Radix (3, 6 and 12 g·kg^-1) were investigated using the exhaustive time of rat swimming. After 3 weeks, the gastrocnemius was collected for ¹H NMR detection, and the anti-fatigue effects of Astragali Radix were explored using multivariate statistical analysis. Astragali Radix significantly improved the exhaustive swimming time of rats. Compared with control group, the levels of isoleucine, leucine, creatine, phosphatidylcholine, trimethylamine oxide, taurine, guanidinoacetate, AMP, inosine, histidine, hypoxanthine, anserine in rat gastrocnemius of model group were increased. While the levels of lactate, acetone, choline, glycerophosphocholine, glycine were decreased. These 6, 11, 5 potential biomarkers could be reversely regulated by treatment with Astragali Radix (high dose, middle dose, low dose), respectively. Metabolomics analysis revealed that Astragali Radix has a certain anti-fatigue effects and the mechanism may be related to regulation of amino metabolism.