李歆, 王义俊, 刘平羽. 特异靶向KRAS-G12C突变的抗肿瘤药物研究进展J. 药学学报, 2021,56(2): 374-382. doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1485
引用本文: 李歆, 王义俊, 刘平羽. 特异靶向KRAS-G12C突变的抗肿瘤药物研究进展J. 药学学报, 2021,56(2): 374-382. doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1485
LI Xin, WANG Yi-jun, LIU Ping-yu. Recent advancement in targeting the KRAS-G12C mutant for cancer therapyJ. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2021,56(2): 374-382. doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1485
Citation: LI Xin, WANG Yi-jun, LIU Ping-yu. Recent advancement in targeting the KRAS-G12C mutant for cancer therapyJ. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2021,56(2): 374-382. doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-1485

特异靶向KRAS-G12C突变的抗肿瘤药物研究进展

Recent advancement in targeting the KRAS-G12C mutant for cancer therapy

  • 摘要: RAS是肿瘤中突变最为广泛的癌基因,但是至今尚无针对RAS突变肿瘤的靶向治疗药物获批在临床使用。近年来,针对KRAS-G12C突变体的抑制剂研发进展迅猛,被认为是当前针对RAS突变肿瘤最具希望的突破方向。本综述围绕KRAS-G12C突变,重点介绍了针对半胱氨酸的共价抑制剂研发进展、联合用药策略和基于蛋白降解的蛋白水解靶向嵌合体(PROTACs)技术的应用,总结了相关新药研发的最新进展。自2013年首个针对KRAS-G12C的共价抑制剂被报道以来,该领域已经取得了快速进展,目前进展较快的化合物已在临床取得显著疗效,极有希望在近期上市;PROTACs降解剂的研发虽然刚刚起步,新近也获得了显著进展,有望带来新的希望。针对RAS的抗肿瘤药物研发有望迎来首个突破,但也仍面临着诸多挑战,进一步优化技术、探明机制和明晰策略将是未来的努力方向。

     

    Abstract: RAS, as a well-known proto-oncogene, is the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancers, yet tremendous efforts over the past 30 years have failed to develop effective therapies for RAS-mutant cancer. Recently, specifically targeting the KRAS-G12C mutant, a frequently occurring KRAS mutation in human cancers, has shown promise in conquering KRAS-mutant cancers, and has inspired interest in this direction. We herein review the very recent progress achieved in the development of covalent inhibitors towards KRAS-G12C mutant, in combinational therapies and in proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs)-based approaches to disrupt KRAS-G12C protein. We provide insights for drug discovery against KRAS-G12C-mutated tumors and discuss the potential challenges in this field.

     

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