从汉防己甲素的肺部药理活性及其暴露特征探讨其对抗新冠病毒的前景

Therapeutic prospect of tetrandrine against SARS-CoV-2 based on its pulmonary pharmacology and exposure character

摘要: 汉防己甲素（TET）是中药粉防己的主要提取物，临床治疗矽肺已有五十年历史。TET具有明确的抗肺纤维化和治疗肺癌作用。由于新冠肺炎的暴发，发现TET还可能通过阻滞双孔蛋白通道（TPC2）而抑制新冠病毒的复制，有望成为抗新型冠状病毒肺炎的天然药物。本文通过回顾TET作用于肺部的药理活性及其用法用量、相关的毒性风险以及药代动力学特征研究等文献，探讨TET靶向肺部发挥药效以及潜在毒性的物质基础暴露。在此基础上，进一步论证其治疗新冠肺炎的应用前景及其目前存在的问题。

Abstract: As the main active compound of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore, tetrandrine (TET) has been used to treat silicosis for nearly 50 years. TET has clear therapeutic effect on pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. A recent study suggests that TET may inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 by blocking the two-pore channel 2 (TPC2), revealing its potential as a natural medicine to treat COVID-19. To explore the material basis of TET targeting lung efficacy and its potential toxicity, available literatures related to the pharmacological activity on pulmonary, dosage, toxicity and pharmacokinetics of TET are systemically reviewed. The prospect and current problems of TET to be a therapeutic agent for COVID-19 are further investigated on this basis.