Abstract:
We intend to study the structural characteristics of
Lycopus europaeus Linn. chloroplast genome and compare the evolutionary relationship of species from Lamiaceae with similar medicinal effects. The total DNA of
Lycopus europaeus was sequenced using the Illumina Hiseq 4000 Sequencing platform and was assembled using NOVOplasty software. And then we annotated and analyzed the genome using the CPGAVAS2 online tool. We constructed the phylogenetic tree using the
Stellera chamaejasme and
Potentilla chinensis as the outgroup. The whole length of
Lycopus europaeus chloroplast genome was 152 085 bp. A total of 132 genes were annotated including 88 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes and 36 tRNA genes. Among them, 8 protein-coding genes (
ndhB,
rps7,
rps12,
rps19,
rpl2,
rpl23,
ycf2,
ycf15), 7 tRNA coding genes (
trnM-CAU,
trnL CAA,
trnN-GUU,
trnE-UUC,
trnV-GAC,
trnA-UGC,
trnR-ACG) and 4 rRNA coding genes (
rrn16s,
rrn23s,
rrn4.5s,
rrn5s) are located in the IR region. There are 13 protein coding genes
rps16,
rps19 (×2),
atpF,
rpoC1,
rpl2 (×2),
petB,
petD,
rpl16,
ndhB (×2),
ndhA each contains one intron, two protein-coding genes (
ycf3,
clpP) each contain two introns, and 8 tRNA coding genes each contain one intron. A total of 34 SSRs were detected in the chloroplast genome of
Lycopus europaeus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that two species in the
Lycopus genus, four species in the
Dracocephalum genus,
Glechoma longituba, two species in the
Mentha genus and
Prunella vulgari, in total 10 species are most related. The complete genome sequence of
Lycopus europaeus was obtained and analyzed, which clarified the evolutional relationship between the species of
Lycopus europaeus and in the Lamiaceae family.