Abstract: Dementia is a series of diseases with severe cognitive decline caused by brain diseases, that closely related to kidney deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia caused by cerebral stroke, vascular dementia (VAD) and so on. Dipsaci Radix is the dried root of Dipsacus asper Wall. ex Henry and its curative effects mainly focus on nourishing the liver and kidney, strengthening muscles and bones, as well as dredging blood vessels. The main chemical components of Dipsaci Radix are triterpenoid saponins and iridoid glycosides. In recent years, studies have found that Dipsaci Radix and its active compounds could ameliorate dementia symptoms via multiple targets and molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress of Dipsaci Radix in dementia prevention, which will provide reference for further exploration of its mechanism and application in the prevention and treatment of dementia.