跨血脑屏障药物载体的研究进展

Research progress in drug carriers across the blood-brain barrier

摘要: 血脑屏障(blood brain barrier, BBB) 在维持大脑内环境稳态的同时, 也给中枢神经系统疾病的治疗带来困难。药物载体可以帮助药物穿过血脑屏障发挥药效。本文对药物跨血脑屏障的途径、药物载体入脑后的命运调控及药物载体分类进行了介绍, 重点阐述了脂质体、外泌体、凋亡小体、细胞穿透肽和细胞靶向肽的特点及应用, 并对跨血脑屏障药物递送领域的研究前景及所面临的挑战进行了分析。

Abstract: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of the brain's internal environment, which poses challenges to the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Drug carriers can aid in the delivery of therapeutic agents across the BBB to exert their pharmacological effects. The article reviewed the pathways for drug delivery across the BBB, the intracerebral fate and the classification of drug carriers and focuses on the functions and characteristics of liposomes, exosomes, apoptotic bodies, cell-penetrating peptides, and cell-targeting peptides. The review will provide an outlook on the future and challenge of research in the field of drug delivery across the BBB.