Abstract: The present investigation aims at introducing the distribution of medicinal plants in Northeastern China and makes an attempt to offer reference to the study of chinese medicine. About 2000 species of plants have been collected in this region from 1938 to 1955. Among these plants, 300-400 are of medicinal uses, of them 156 are famous indigenous drugs, such as: Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Ephedra distachya L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer, Gentiana scabra Bge., Schizandra chinensis Bail., Asarum sp., Aconitum spp., etc.. They are either very abundant in quantity or supreme in quality. Some of them are being cultivated in large scale. Investigation shows that the resource of medicinal plants in this region is very rich and requires further investigation.