Fifteen 3-(1', 2'-di-O-cyclohexylidendioxyethyl)-5-aryl-3a, 6a-dihydro-4, 6-dioxo-pyrrolino3', 4'-d isoxazoline derivatives (3a−3o) were synthesized by 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of N-arylmaleimides and the nitrile oxide in situ generated from 2, 3-O-cyclohexylidene-D-glycerohydroximoyl chloride, in the presence of triethylamine.  The structures of the target compounds 3a−3o were characterized by ¹H NMR, IR and elemental analysis.  The preliminary bioassay on the compounds showed that some compounds possess in vitro anticancer activity and the leukocyte common antigen activity to a different extent.  The compounds 3e, 3h, 3j and 3l showed Cdc25A phosphatase inhibitory activity of 60.6%, 58.6%, 51.4% and 98.4% respectively at the test concentration of 20 μg·mL⁻¹, and among them 3l had inhibition rate of 86.97% even at the concentration as low as 5 μg·mL⁻¹, indicating worthy to be future studied.  The compounds 3e, 3l and 3n showed an inhibitory activity of 57.7%, 74.4% and 77.3% on CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase A, respectively, at the test concentration of 20 μmol·mL⁻¹.  The structure-activity relationship of 3-(1', 2'-di-O-cyclohexylidendioxyethyl)-5-aryl-3a, 6a- dihydro-4, 6-dioxo-pyrrolino3', 4'-disoxazoline derivatives was also discussed.