Abstract: In this paper, the macroscopic, microscopic and chemical identification of the root of fourteen medicinal Zanthoxylum species, viz., Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC., Z. nitidum (Roxb.) DC. f. fastusosum How ex Huang, Z. ailanthoides Sieb. et Zucc., Z. armature DC., Z. austrosinense Huang, Z. avicennae (Lam.) DC., Z. bungeanum Maxim., Z. dimorphophyllum Hemsl. var. spinifolium Rehd. et Wils., Z. dissitoides Huang, Z. dissitum Hemsl., Z. echinocarpum Hemsl., Z. rhetsoides Drake, Z. scandens Bl. and Z. schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. are reported.The occurrence of 6 alkaloids and 1 lignan are determined by means of TLC method and the results are given in three chromatograms. The elements of powder and maceration in the root of the 14 species are also shown in table 1.