Abstract: Compounds with high phenol coefficient have been used as effective remedies in the treatment of many diseases caused by certain kinds of worms in human body. In many instances the anthelmintic activity has paralled the antibacterial activity. These facts led the authors to prepare a number of compounds for the purpose of screening tests against Schistosomiasis Japonica. In 1958 the authors found Furacin and Xie-30 (hexachlorodiphenyl methane) to be effective in animal tests against Schistosomiasis Japonica. This encouraged the authors to study further along this line. In this paper the syntheses of 107 derivatives of β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamides and esters are described. The amides were prepared by the condensation of β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acryloyl chloride with various amines (alkyl, aromatic and substituted aromatic, amino acids, etc.) while esters were obtained directly from β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylic acid and alcohols in suitable conditions. β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylic acid was directly prepared by nitration of β-(2-furyl) acrylic acid which was obtained from furfural and sodium acetate by means of Perkin's reaction, and the corresponding acid chloride was prepared with phosphorus pentachloride or thionyl chloride under mild conditions. In screening with mice, 33 compounds were found to possess pronounced anthelmintic activity against Schistosomiasis Japonica, among which N-(iso-propyl)-β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (F-30066), N-(ethyl-glycinyl)-β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (F-30069) and N-(cyclohexyl)-β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (20112) were shown to be the most effective and have passed on to clinical trials with favourable results reported.