湖北贝母属植物化学成分的研究——Ⅹ.紫花鄂北贝母生物碱的分离与鉴定

STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF FRITILLARIA IN HUBEI

摘要: 紫花鄂北贝母FritiItaria ebeiensis var.pvrpvreaG.D.Yu et P.Li系贝母属植物新变种,从它的鳞茎中分离到Ⅰ～Ⅶ个生物碱。经理化常数测定和波谱分析,并与标准品对照,鉴定碱Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅳ分别为浙贝甲素(peimine)、浙贝乙素(peiminine)、鄂贝甲素(ebeinine)和鄂贝乙素(ebeinone)。碱Ⅵ为新的异甾生物碱,定名为紫鄂贝碱(ziebeimine),其结构鉴定为5α,14α-cevanine-13,17-dehydro-3α,6β-diol。碱Ⅴ和Ⅶ的结构尚待鉴定。

Abstract: The bulb of Fritillaria ebeiensis var. purpurea G.D. Yu et P. Li(Liliaceae) are commercially available as the substitute for the principal Chinese traditional medicine "Beimu". This plant is easily cultivated, has high alkaloid content and conspicuous antitussive and expectorant effects.Seven C-nor-D-homo steroidal alkaloids(Ⅰ～Ⅶ) were isolated from the bulb cultivated in Suizhou district, Hubei. Ⅰ～Ⅳ have been identified as the known alkaloids peimine, peiminine, ebeinine and ebeinone on the basis of spectral data and by TLC and mixed mp comparison with authentic samples. The alkaloid Ⅵ, C₂₇H₄₃NO₂, mp 186～188℃, named ziebeimine, is a new alkaloid isolated from the title plant. The structure of Ⅵ has been established as 5α,14α-cevanine-13,17-dehydro-3α,6β -diol on the basis of its IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and mass spectra. The structure of alkaloids Ⅴ and Ⅶ is still under investigation.