This study is to observe anti-lipotoxic effect of sesamin on renovascular hypertensive rats fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet.  Thirty-four complex model rats were induced by two-kidney, one-clip method and on high-fat and refined-carbohydrate diet for thirteen weeks.  From the fifth week, intragastric administration of sesamin (120, 60 and 30 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹) lasted for eight weeks.  Blood pressure (BP), blood fat (BF), blood glucose (BG), free fatty acids (FFA), insulin (Ins), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were determined.  Pathological changes of pancreas, perirenal fat and liver were semiquantitatively analyzed.  In sesamin (120 and 60 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹) group, it was found that there were decrease of levels of BP, BF, BG, TNF-α, IL-6 and FFA, improvement of insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, alleviation of body weight, humid weight of fat, liver and pancreas and their organ index, and reduction of islet cell hyperplasia and amount of lipid droplet vacuoles in lipocyte and hepatocyte.  It is implied that sesamin had anti-lipotoxic effect and its mechanism may be closely associated with the amelioration of insulin resistance via reducing lipidoses in hepatocyte and inflammatory adipokines such as TNF-α and IL-6.