中药知母有效成分研究

STUDIES ON THE ACTIVE CONSTITUENTES OF ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES BUNGE

摘要: 自内蒙古赤峰地区产知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bumge)根茎的乙醇提取物中分得单体化合物知母皂甙A1(Ⅰ),A2(Ⅱ)和B(Ⅲ)。经化学和波谱方法(UV,IR,EI-MS,FAB-MS,¹H-NMR和¹³C-NMR),以鉴定其化学结构分别为萨尔萨皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅰ)、吗尔考皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅱ)和26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基呋甾-20(22)-烯-3β-2,6-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(Ⅲ)。Ⅲ为一新的甾体皂甙,且其甙元也是首次在天然界中发现。经初步药理实验显示,Ⅲ具有抑制PAF诱导的兔血小板聚集的作用。

Abstract: From the ethanol extract of the Anemarrhena asphodeloides Buge (Liliaceae), a new steroidal suponin anemarsaponin B and two known saponinsanemarsaponin A1 and A2 were isolated. On the basis of chemical evidences and spectralanalysis (UV, IR, EI-MS, FAB-MS,¹H-NMR and ¹³C - NMR), the structure ofanemarsaponin B was elucidated as 26-O-β-D - glucopyranosylfurost -20(22)-ene-3β,26-diol-3-O-β-D- glucopyranosyl (1→2 ) -β-D- galactotopyranoside. Preiminarypharmacological tests showed that anemarsaponin B could inhibit PAF-induced rabbitplatelet aggregation in vitro.