Abstract: It has been demonstrated that when mice infected with schistosomiasis japonica were treated with tartar emetic or fouadin in a 14-day course, the use of glycerin as adjuvant could enhance the schistosomacidal activity of the antimonials. In order to explore whether glycerin could enhance the effect of antimonials in short course of treatment, a series of experimental therapy was carried out. It was noted that when fouadin or tartar emetic was administered to non-infected mice intramuscularly, intraperitoneally or intravenously, their respective LD_(50 in groups with glycerin as adjuvant were similar to those without. When fouadin dissolved in 25% glycerin or normal saline was administered intramuscularly in the dosage of 2.45 mg/20 g for 6 days, worm reduction rates of 60% and 33.7% were observed respectively. The difference was statistically significant. With 3.27—4.37 mg/20 g for 3 days, the respective worm reduction rate in glycerin and normal saline groups was 49—56% and 29—38%. The difference was not statistically significant. When tartar emetic dissolved in 25% glycerin or normal saline was administered intraperitoneally in the dosages of 0.47 and 0.35 mg/20 g for 3 and 6 days respectively, worm reduction rates in glycerin groups were lower than those in normal saline groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. When rabbits infected with schistosomiasis japonica were treated with fouadin or tartar emetic in a 3-day course, the addition of glycerin could not enhance the effects of antimonials. But when fouadin dissolved in 25% glycerin or normal saline was administered intramuscularly in the dosage of 6 mg/kg for 14 days, worm reduction rates of 64% and 22% were observed respectively, the difference being statistically significant. Three concentrations of glycerin (15, 25 and 35%) were used as adjuvent to fouadin, only the 25% glycerin gave a better effect and a lower toxicity. In order to investigate the mechanism of the enhancement effect of glycerin in experimental therapy, the Sb contents of the blood and worms in infected and treated rabbits were determined, and no marked difference was observed between the glycerin and normal saline groups.