Abstract: AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Bletilla striata. METHODSVarious column chromatographies with silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 were employed for the isolation and purification. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral analyses and chemical methods. RESULTSThree compounds were isolated from the roots of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. and identified as 5-hydroxy-4-(P-hydroxybenzyl)-3′,3-dimethoxybibenzyl (I), schizandrin (II), 4,4′-dimethoxy-(1,1′-biphenanthrene)-2,2′,7,7′-tetrol (III). CONCLUSIONCompound I is a new bibenzyl derivative and II was isolated from this plant for the first time.