Abstract: AIM: Isolation and structural elucidation of the seeds of the Chinese medicinal plant Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. METHODS: The seeds were extracted with petroleum ether by percolation and the crude extracts were purified by using silica gel chromatography. IR,UV,MS,¹H and ¹³CNMR spectra were employed for structural identification. RESULTS: Eight compounds named 3-O-tetradecanoyl-1-cyano-2-methyl-1, 2-propene(1), 3-O-14,15-eicosylenoyl-1-cyano-2-methyl-1,2-propene(2) and 3-O-14, 15-eicosylenoyl-4-O-stearoyl-1-cyano-2-oxymethyl-1,2-propene(3), 3-O-(6′-linoleicoyl-β-D- glycopyranoside)-β-sitosterol(4), 1-O-β-D-glycopyrano-2-O-oleo-3-O-hexadecanolenin(5), 1-O-hexadecanolenin(6), 14，15-eicosenic acid(7), triolein(8) were isolated. CONCLUSION: Three new compounds in term of 3-O-tetradecanoyl-1-cyano-2-methyl-1,2-propene(1), 3-O-14, 15-eicosylenoyl-1-cyano-2-methyl-1, 2-propene(2) and 3-O-14, 15-eicosylenoyl-4-O-stearoyl-1-cyano-2-oxymethyl-1,2-propene(3), together with four other compounds were isolated from the seeds, and compounds 4～7 were obtained from this plant for the first time.