Abstract: Five compounds were isolated from the seeds of Momordica charantia. This paper reports their structure determination by spectral (IR, UV, ¹HNMR, ¹³CNMR, and MS) and chemical methods. The structures of Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were elucidated as vicine, mycose, 3 - O - (β - D - glucopyranosyi)-24β - ethyl - 5α - cholesta - 7, trans-22E, 25 (27) - trien - 3β - ol, momorcharaside A and momorcharaside B respectively. Mycose was the first time found in this plant and compound Ⅲ was the first time found in the genus Momordica. Ⅳ and Ⅴ were new compounds. Ⅳ exhibited obvious inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses in S 180 tumor cells in preliminary pharmacological studies.