中国辽宁栽培西洋参化学成分的研究

STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF PANAX QUINQUEFOLIUS LINN

摘要: 中国辽宁栽培西洋参(Panax quinquefolius Linn)的总皂甙用低压硅胶柱和反相Rp18Labar柱层析分离得到18种化合物,用IR,MS(FD-MS,FAB-MS),¹³C-NMR及化学方法鉴定了16种化合物的化学结构;分别为棕榈酸(1),齐墩果酸(2),胡萝卜甙(daucosterin 3),人参皂甙-Rh₁(4),—Rg₃(5),—Rg₂(6),—Rg₁(7),—Rf(8),—Re(9),—Rd(10),—Rb₂(11),—Rb₁(12)、—R₀(13),蔗糖(14),人参三糖(15)及一种新皂甙(16),结构为:20(s)原人参二醇-3--O-β-D-吡喃糖基(1→2)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→2)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基,20--O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→6)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙,命名为人参皂甙-RAO(ginsenoside-RA₀)。化合物(4)和(5)系首次从西洋参中分离出的已知皂甙。

Abstract: From Panax quinquefolius Linn cultivated in Liaoning province (China) sixteen compounds (1～16) were isolated. The structures of these compounds were identified as palmitie acid(1), oleanolic acid(2), daucosterin(3), ginsenosides-Rh1, -Rg3, -Rg2, -Rg1, -Rf, -Re, -Rd, -Rb2, -Rb1, -Re (4-13), sucrose(14), ginsengtrisaccharide(15) and a new saponin whose structure was elucidated to be 20 (S)-protopanaxadiol 3-O-β-D-glueopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside, 20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopynoside(16) on the basis of IR, Mass spectra (FD-MS, FAB-MS), ¹³C-NMR and chemical evidences. The new saponin was named ginsenoside-RA_o.