Abstract: To study the protective effect and preliminary mechanisms of asiatic acid against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury of PC12 cells, Na₂S₂O₄ combined with low glucose induced damage of PC12 cells was served as OGD/R injury model in vitro. MTT method was used to evaluate cell survival. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was performed to determine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, lactic acid (LD) content, intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and cellular Caspase-3 activity. Flow cytometry was applied to assay cell apoptosis. Na₂S₂O₄ combined with low glucose induced significant cell survival rate decreasing compared with normal cells. Cell survival rate increasing, LDH leakage alleviating, LD producing inhibiting, SOD activity promotion, MDA content reducing, cell apoptotic rate decreasing and Caspase-3 activity inhibiting were observed when cells were preincubated with different concentration of asiatic acid (10, 1 and 0.1 μmol·L^-1). Evident protective effect of asiatic acid against OGD/R injured PC12 cells was verified in our experiment, and the possible mechanisms were related to eliminating free radicals and inhibiting cell apoptosis.