The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of rhBMP-2 on the renal tissue of rat with renal ischemia reperfusion injury.  In this program the ischemia reperfusion rat model was established and Wistar rats were divided into six groups: sham operation group (S group), renal ischemia reperfusion injury group (R group), rhBMP-2 treatment group (B1, B2, B3 and B4 group).  In the rhBMP treatment groups, rhBMP-2 was intravenously administered with different doses before reperfusion.  The contents of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, MDA and SOD in kidney tissue were observed.  At the same time, renal function (blood creatine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN)) were measured.  As a result, compared with renal ischemia reperfusion group, administration of rhBMP-2 significantly reduced the content of IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.05) and ameliorated renal dysfunction  cellular damages (P < 0.05).  Higher dose of rhBMP-2 may reduce the content of TNF-α (P < 0.05) in kidney tissue.  rhBMP-2 also increased activity of SOD and reduced the level of MDA, BUN and Scr.  So, we can draw a conclusion that rhBMP-2 treatment attenuates renal ischemia reperfusion injury through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines production and anti-oxidation activity.