Abstract: In screening of antitumor antibiotics a strain of streptomyces was isolated from garden soil in Shanghai, which produces an antibiotic belonging to the phleomycinbleomycin family. This strain has been identified as Streptomyces lilacinoverticillatus 1588 Yen et Zhang. The antibiotic produced by this strain was named Antibiotic 1588.In this paper, the biological characteristics of this strain and the selection of the fermentation media by the method of multiple-factor orthogonal experimental design were reported.An isolation-purification procedure for Antibiotic 1588 using strong acidic cation exchange resin, porous resin and active aluminum oxide chromatography was established.In the bioassay, Bacillus subtilis A. S. 1.311-8 was used as the testing bacteria. This strain was insensitive to other antibiotics exsisting in the culture broth besides Antibiotic 1588.