Abstract: In multicomponent systems, factor analytical spectrophotometry may be used to estimate the number of components and the concentration of the individual components in multicomponent complex preparation. The spectra data of sulfamethoxypyrazine compound tablets which contained two components SMPZ and TMP were measured by UV-260 spectrophotometer and treated by means of target test analysis of factor analysis in this paper. The result showed that the recoveries were 102.0% and 102.7% respectively and the average standard deviation was less than 2.2%. This paper also used factor analysis to imitated samples of three components. Linearity and precision of factor analysis were good.