The current situation and strategies of snake antivenomimmunoglobulins research and development

Snake antivenomimmunoglobulins are considered to be the most efficient drugs in snake envenomings. Most snake antivenomimmunoglobulins all over the world are still prepared by fragmentation of polyclonal antibodies isolated from hyper-immunized horse serum till now. In this review, we retrospect the history of snake antivenomimmunoglobulins, analysis the present situation and pay the close attention on the key technological links in the process of research and manufacturing, such as properties of lgG and its fragments, selection and preparation of immunogen, optimization of immunization schedule and proteinisolation and purification, which can be available for the reference in the research and development of snake antivenom.